Which of the following can be used as a navigational aid when self-locating?

The correct answer is that a map and compass can be used as a navigational aid when self-locating. A map provides topographical information, landmarks, and routes, while a compass helps determine direction. This combination allows individuals to understand their position relative to their surroundings and navigate effectively, especially in situations where technology might fail.

While binoculars can enhance visibility and help identify distant landmarks, they don't assist in determining location or navigation directly. Smartphone GPS is also a useful tool, but it relies on technology that may not always be available or reliable in all conditions, such as in remote areas or when battery power is drained.

Thus, when considering the most fundamental and reliable means of self-location that are universally applicable without dependence on technology or visibility, the map and compass stand out as essential navigational aids.